What is the primary purpose of installing a Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) or Relief Valve (RV) on a vessel or system?

The primary purpose of installing a Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) or Relief Valve (RV) on a vessel or system is to prevent overpressure. These devices are safety mechanisms designed to automatically release pressure when it exceeds a predetermined limit, thereby protecting the vessel or system from potential damage or catastrophic failure. Overpressure conditions can occur due to various reasons, such as equipment failure, thermal expansion, or blockages, and can lead to dangerous situations, including explosions or leaks. By ensuring that excess pressure is vented safely, PSVs and RVs play a critical role in maintaining the integrity and safety of pressure-containing systems.

Other options do not accurately describe the primary function of PSVs and RVs. Enhancing efficiency is typically not related to their operation; while pressure control aids in system efficiency, the core purpose revolves around safety. Monitoring temperature is a different function entirely, often managed by separate instruments. Additionally, controlling flow rate is usually handled through valves designed specifically for that purpose, rather than safety relief devices.